Figure Name | anaphora |
Source | Ad Herennium 4.12.19 ("repetitio"); Quintilian 7.4.8 ("relatio"); Isidore 1.36.8-9 ("anaphora," "epanaphora"); Aquila 34 ("epanaphora"); Sherry (1550) 47 ("epanaphora," "repeticio," "repeticion"); Peacham (1577) H4v ("anaphora", "epanaphora"); Suarez ("repetitio" "anaphora" "epibole") 58v-69r; Fraunce (1588) 1.19; Putt. (1589) 208 ("anaphora," "the figure of report"); Day 1599 84 ("anaphora," "repetitio"); Hoskins (1599)13.; Silva Rhetoricae (http://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/Silva.htm); JG Smith (1665) ("anaphora"); Garrett Epp (1994) ("repetitio," "anaphora," "epanaphora"); Macbeth (1876) ("anaphora," "epanaphora"); Holmes (1806) ("anaphora"); De Mille (1882) ("repetitio crebra," "anaphora"); Blount (1653) 7; Bullinger (1898) ("anaphora; or, like sentence-beginnings"); Norwood (1742) ("anaphora"); Vickers (1989) ("anaphora") |
Earliest Source | None |
Synonyms | epanaphora, epembasis, epibole, adjectio, relatio, repetitio, repeticio, repeticion, the figure of report, repetitio crebra, like sentence-beginnings |
Etymology | From Gk. ana “again” and phero “to bring or carry” |
Type | Scheme |
Linguistic Domain |
Lexicographic Phonological |
Definition |
1. Repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses, sentences, or lines. (Silva Rhetoricae) 2. Rehearsal: a figure when several clauses of a sentence are begun with the same word or sound.; Anaphora, Relatio, Relation, or a bringing of the same again, derived from [anaphero] refero, to bring again or rehearse.It is the repetition of a word of importance and effectual signification; or, It is a figure when several clauses of a sentence are begun with the same word or sound.(JG Smith) 3. Repetition of a word at the beginning of successive clauses (or poetic lines). (Garrett Epp) 4. Anaphora, Epanaphora, is the repeating of a word at the beginning of a successive clauses, as in an exquisite passage in S., "Merchant of Venice," act v., scene i., lines 1-22; or as St. Paul: 5. Anaphora gives more sentences one head; As readily appears to those that read. (Holmes) 6 a) 175. REPETITIO CREBRA. 6 b) 176. ANAPHORA. 7. "when many clauses have the like beginning;" (Blount) 8. This figure is so-called because it is the repeating of the same word at the beginning of successive clauses: thus adding weight and emphasis to statments and arguments by calling special attention to them. (Bullinger, 210) 9. ANAPHORA. Anaphora, from the Greek (anaphero,) to bring back again: it is a repetition of a word in the beginning. of several sentences. (Norwood, 68) 10. Anaphora (or repetitio), where the same word is repeated at the beginning of a sequence of clauses or sentences. (Vickers 492) |
Example |
1. This royal throne of kings, this sceptred isle, —John of Gaunt in Shakespeare's Richard II (2.1.40-51; 57-60) (Silva Rhetoricae) 3. Allas, the deeth, allas, myn Emelye, 2. You whom vertue hath made the Princess of felicity, be not the Minister of ruine; you whom my choyce hath made the Load-star of all my sublunary comfort, be not the rock of my shipwrack. (JG Smith) 4. Or accept of a model sentence from the glowing Irish orator, Curran: 5. Peace crowns our Life; Peace does our Plenty breed. (Holmes) 6 a) "He sang Darius, good and great, 6 b) "Truth-teller was our English Alfred named, 7. "you whom vertue hath made the Princess of Felicity, be not the minister of ruine. You whom my choyce hath made the Goddess of my safety. You whom Nature hath made the Load-starr of comfort, be not the rock of shipwreck." (Blount) 8. "Blessed shalt thou be in the city, and/blessed shalt thou be in the field:/blessed shall be the fruit of the body,/and the fruit of thy ground,/and the fruit of thy cattle,/the increase of thy kine, 9. The voice of the Lord is powerful, the voice of the Lord is full of majesty, Psal. 29. 4. Praise the Lord from the heavens, praise him in the height, praise him all his angels, praise him Sun and Moon: where the royal Psalmist affectionately calls upon the whole order of created beings, to sing praises to their Maker. Charity suffereth long, and is kind, charity, envieth not, charity vaunteth not herself: where the abstract is made use of for the concrete, the charitable person, Psal. 118. ver. 8, 9. (Norwood, 68-69) 10. Some glory in their birth, some in their skill,Some in their wealth, some in their body's force.... --Shakespeare, "Sonnet 91" (Vickers 492) |
Kind Of | Repetition |
Part Of | |
Related Figures | epistrophe, symploce, Figures of repetition, epanaphora |
Notes | Linguistic domain is tough here. It's definitely phonological, because anaphora is common in speeches and the example is from a play (audible discourse). But what about Morphological. I keep coming back to this: when words/concepts are repeated, are they Morphological? My problem is that morphological relates to morphemes--the components of words. So if word suffixes are being repeated, it's morphological; but is it morphological when entire words are being repeated? Maybe morphological is an inherently tricky Linguistic Domain because it actually isn't a Linguistic Domain? |
Confidence | Unconfident |
Last Editor | Randy Harris |
Confidence | Unconfident |
Editorial Notes | I rm morphological (it isn't a LD?) and added Lexicographic. -ark |
Reviewed | No |