synchoresis

Figure Name synchoresis
Source Silva Rhetoricae (http://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/Silva.htm); Peacham (1577) M3v; Bullinger 970; JG Smith (1665) ("synchoresis"); Gibbons (1767) 200 ("synchoresis"); Macbeth (1876) ("concession," "paramologia," "synchoresis," "permission"); De Mille (1882) ("permission"); Hill (1883); Bullinger (1898) ("synchoresis; or, concession"); Johnson (1903) ("synchoresis")
Earliest Source None
Synonyms epichoresis, concessio, concession, paromologia, paramologia, permission
Etymology Gk. "concession, acquiescence, consenting," from synchoreo, "to come together, agree"
Type Chroma
Linguistic Domain Semantic
Definition

1. Conceding one point for the sake of another (=paromologia). (Silva Rhetoricae)

2. Concession: a figure when an argument is Ironically yielded unto, and then marred with a stinging retort upon the objector, &c.; SYNCHORESIS, Concessio, Concession, or granting of an argument: derived from [synchoreo] concede, to grant. A figure when an argument is Ironically or mockingly yielded unto, and then marred with a stinging retort upon the objector. This form of speech delights most, either when that which we grant is prejudicial to, and stings the objector, as in controversies it often happens; or when the argument granted, brings no losse unto him that grants it. (JG Smith)

3. Synchoresis, is a forme of speech by which the Orator trusting strongly to his cause, giveth leave to the Judges or his adversaries, to consider of it with indifference, & so to judge of it, if it be found just and good, to allow it, if evil, to condemne and punish it. (Peacham)

4. "a Figure whereby we grant or yield up something, in order to gain a point, which we could not so well secure without it." (Gibbons)

5. Concession; Paramologia; Synchoresis, or Permission, is the granting of all or of much that an opponent can advance, and then overbalancing all this by decisive considerations, rendered still more decisive by the very concessions that have been made. (Macbeth)

6. 510. PERMISSION.
Somewhat similar to this is another device of the orator by which a thing is left to the decision or action of tothers, whether the judges, the audience, or the opponent. This is called permission. The decision or action which is thus permitted may either agree or disagree with the views of the speaker. (De Mille)

7. 3. Concession.
In the exposition of any question it iwl be seen that there are certain facts which both sides admit. These should be eliminated from the discussion by a concession of their reality. Silence is often interpreted as concession. Could should be taken to deprive an opponent of the right to claim such a concession. A topic may be waived, with the express promise to consider it at another time. This may properly be done, as it may not be possible to put the topic in its true light until certain facts and arguments have been presented. Sophists frequently waive a subordinate but important proposition, and evade any farther consideration of it, or finally claim that it is unnecessary. (Hill)

8. Making a Concession of one Point to gain another... The figure is used when we make a concession of one point in order to gain another. In this case the concession or admission is made, and may be rightly made, in order to gain a point. (Bullinger, 934)

9. Synchoresis.—This figure of rhetoric consists of a concession made by a debater or a critic, to forestall an objection, to give ground for a retort, or to strengthen the context by making it appear to be very mild in comparison with all that might be truly said. (Johnson, 270)

Example

1. Thou believest that there is one God; thou doest well: the devils also believe, and tremble. (Silva Rhetoricae)

2. I admit you are resolute; I grant your determination is immoveable, but it is in things directly repugnant to the grave advice of your knowing friends, and in things of a great tendency to your utter undoing.

They are proud, vain, disobedient, I acknowledge it; yet they are our children. (JG Smith)

3. An example of Cicero: But now Judges I leave the whole, and the most lawfull right of my cause, which I have declared, and commit it unto you to judge and determine it, as reason and wisedome shall direct you. (Peacham)

3. Another example of Job: “If I have walked in vanieite, or if my foote hath made hast to deceive. Let God wey me in the just ballance, and ye shall know mine uprightnesse if my steppe hath turned out of the way, or my heart hath walked after mine eye, or if any blot hath cleved to my handes: let me sow, and let another eate, yea let my plants be rooted up.” Job. 31. Hereby Job sheweth wherein his uprightnesse consisteth, that he was guiltlesse and innocent before men, not offending against the second table. (Peacham)

3. Another of Peter: “Whether it be right saith he in the sight of God, to hearken unto you more then unto God, judge ye.” Acts. 4. (Peacham)

4. "[Cicero:] 'Since I am deprived of every thing to soul and body, I yield up these, which is all of my large possessions that remain to me, to your disposal: you may use me, you may abuse me, just as you think fit, without any thing to apprehend from me. Determine my fate as you please: do but speak, and I'll obey.'" (Gibbons)

5. "The poorest man in his cottage may bid defiance to all the forces of the Crown. It may be frail; its roof may shake; the wind may blow through it; the storm may enter it; but the King of England can not enter it. All his power dares not cross the threshold of that ruined tenement." - William Pitt (Macbeth)

6. In the following example the speaker anticipates a decision in accordance with this own sentiments:
"Tell me, then, if it do not add as much to the perfection as to the benevolence of God that, while it is expatiating over the vast field of created things, there is not one portion of the field overlooked by it." -DR. CHALMERS (De Mille)

8. Jer. 12:1. -"Righteous art thou O LORD, when I plead with thee: yet let me talk (marg. "reason the case") with thee of thy judgments: Wherefore doth the way of the wicked prosper? wherefore are all they happy that deal very treacherously?" (Bullinger, 934)

9. Thus Antony, speaking at the funeral of Caesar, says:

I am no orator, as Brutus is.

The implied argument is, If, with these most significant facts which I have recited, I had also the eloquence of Brutus, you would find the arraignment overwhelming. (Johnson, 270)

Kind Of Similarity
Opposition
Part Of Irony
Related Figures anacoenosis, antisagoge, epitrope, figures of speech and audience, figures of permission, paromologia
Notes
Confidence Unconfident
Last Editor Ioanna Malton
Confidence Unconfident
Editorial Notes Silva Rhetoricae equals the definition to "paromologia"; should this be a synonym or Related Figure? -Nike
Reviewed No