symploce

Figure Name symploce
Source Silva Rhetoricae (http://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/Silva.htm); Ad Herennium 4.14.20 ("conplexio"); Sherry (1550) ("symploce," "conplexio"); Suarez ("complexio" "symploche"); Peacham (1577); Fraunce (1588) ("symploce," "complexio," "comprehensio"); Puttenam (1589) ("symploche," "the figure of replie"); Day 1599 ("symploche"); Hoskins (1599 ("symploce," "complexio"); JG Smith (1665) ("symploce"); Macbeth (1876); Holmes (1806) ("symploce"); De Mille (1882); Bullinger (1898) ("symploce; or, intertwining"); Norwood (1742) ("symploce")
Earliest Source None
Synonyms symploche, symploke, adjunct, circulo rhetorica, conplexio, the figure of reply
Etymology Gk. sym, "together" and plekein "to weave"
Type Trope
Linguistic Domain Lexicographic
Syntactic
Definition

1. The combination of anaphora and epistrophe: beginning a series of lines, clauses, or sentences with the same word or phrase while simultaneously repeating a different word or phrase at the end of each element in this series. (Silva Rhetorica)

2. Symploce is a forme of speech which maketh many members or clauses following to have the same beginning & the same ending which the first had going before, comprising both the last ornaments in one. (Peacham)

3. Complication, or an agreement of words in a sentence: a figure when all our beginnings and all our endings are alike.; SYMPLOCE, Complexio, Complicatio, an agreement of words in a sentence, or Complication or folding together, derived from [symplico] Complico, Connecto, to wrap or couple together.Symploce is the joyning together of Anaphora and Epistrophe. A figure when several sentences or clauses of sentences have the same beginning, and the same ending; or when all our beginnings and all our endings are like.(JG Smith)

4. Symploce is the repetition of one word at the beginning and of another word at the end of two successive clauses. (Macbeth)

5. Symploce joins these figures both together, And from both join'd makes up itself another. (Holmes)

6. 184. SYMPLOCE.
Symploce is the repetition of a word at the beginning, and of another at the end of successive clauses. Although sometimes confounded with ploce, it is really identical with epanaphora, which has already been explained and illustrated (179). (De Mille)

7. The Repetition of different Words in successive Sentences in the same Order and the same Sense... An intertwining of two different words in a similar order: one at the beginning and the other at the end of successive sentences. It is a combination of Anaphora and Epistrophe. (Bullinger, 313)

8. SYMPLOCE. Symploce, complicatio from the Greek (sumpleko,) to fold together; when the same sort of words are in the beginning and in the end of several sentences. (Norwood, 70)

Example

1. "Against yourself you are calling him,
against the laws you are calling him,
against the democratic constitution you are calling him" —Aeschines (Silva Rhetoricae)

2. Cicero: who were they that often brake their leagues? the Carthaginians? Who were they that made cruell warre in Italie? the Carthaginians, Who defaced all Italie? the Carthaginians. Who crave pardon now? the Carthaginians. (Peacham)

2. Cicero: Him would you pardon and acquite by your sentence, whom the Senate hath condemned, whom the people of Rome have condemned, whom all men have condemned. (Peacham)

2. By the increase of a word in the clause following, thus, Dido builded Carthage. Dido builded renowned Carthage. (Peacham)

2. By the increase of a word in diverse clauses: O cruell death, why hast thou taken away my father, my deare father, my deare and most loving father , and hid him in the darke, where I cannot find him? (Peacham)

3. An Example of Cicero.

Him would you pardon and acquit by your sentence, whom the Senate hath condemned, whom the people of Rome have condemned, whom all men have condemned.

O cruel death, why hast thou taken away my choice, my dear choyce, my dearest and most beloved choyce, and hid her in the dark, where I cannot find her?

Can the Host of Heaven help me? can Angels help me? can these inefriour creatures help me? (JG Smith)

4. "Spring clothes with leaves the trees; Spring leads back the birds of song to the trees." (Macbeth)

5. Justice came down from Heaven to view the Earth; Justice climbed back to Heaven, and left the Earth. (Holmes)

6. Isa. 2:7, 8. -We have it in alternate lines:
"Their land also is full of silver and gold,
Neither is there any end of their treasures;
Their land is also full of horses.
Neither is there any end of their chariots;
Their land also is full of idols, etc." (Bullinger, 313)

8. Jer. 9. 23. Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom, neither let the mighty man glory in his might; let not the rich man glory in his riches: and this is the very admonition of God himself, that we should not in the least place our hope confidence upon the best of worldly things,
but only upon God Almighty, who is only able to save, and defend us. (Norwood, 70)

Kind Of Symmetry
Addition
Identity
Repetition
Series
Part Of
Related Figures coenotes, figures of repetition, anaphora, epistrophe, ploce, epanaphora
Notes Peacham claims that this figure is best used in moderation, saying that over using this figure will "blemish the beautie of it" ("symploce").
Confidence Unconfident
Last Editor Ioanna Malton
Confidence Unconfident
Editorial Notes
Reviewed No